脑卒中患者病耻感水平与自我管理能力现状及相关性研究

Study on the status quo and correlation between stigma level and self-management ability of stroke patients

目的探讨脑卒中患者病耻感与自我管理水平的相关性,为临床脑卒中护理及管理提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样法选取2022年5月河南省开封市某三级综合医院康复医学科收治的脑卒中患者185例进行调查,问卷包括一般资料调查表、慢性疾病病耻感量表-8条目、脑卒中患者自我管理行为量表等。结果185例患者病耻感水平较高,平均外在病耻感评分为(2.55±0.98)分,平均内在病耻感评分为(3.27±1.29)分;患者整体自我管理水平较弱,脑卒中患者自我管理行为量表中疾病管理维度得分最低[(2.84±0.42)分],生活起居管理维度总分最高[(3.68±0.50)分];内在病耻感、外在病耻感对患者自我管理能力具有负向预测作用,预测力达60.3%。结论脑卒中患者病耻感与自我管理水平呈负相关,护士应针对性地对脑卒中患者进行心理护理,减轻病耻感,促进自我管理水平提高,使其配合治疗,早日恢复健康。

Objective To explore the correlation between stigma and self-management level of stroke patients,and to provide theoretical basis for clinical stroke nursing and management.Methods A total of 185 stroke patients admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of a tertiary general hospital in Kaifeng City,Henan Province in May 2022 were selected by convenient sampling method for investigation.The questionnaire included general information questionnaire,chronic disease stigma scale-8 items and self-management behavior scale for stroke patients.Results The level of stigma in 185 patients was high.The average external stigma score was(2.55±0.98)points,and the average internal stigma score was(3.27±1.29)points.The overall self-management level of patients was weak.The score of disease management dimension in the self-management behavior scale of stroke patients was the lowest[(2.84±0.42)points],and the total score of life management dimension was the highest[(3.68±0.50)points].The internal stigma and external stigma of patients had a negative predictive effect on the self-management ability of patients,with a predictive power of 60.3%.Conclusion The stigma of stroke patients is negatively correlated with the level of self-management.Nurses should carry out targeted psychological care for stroke patients to reduce the stigma and promote the improvement of self-management level,so that they can cooperate with treatment and restore health as soon as possible.