刷牙视觉教育法在自闭症儿童刷牙行为训练中的效果评价

Evaluation of the effect tooth brushing visual education method in the training of tooth brushing behavior of children with ASD

目的探讨刷牙视觉教育法在自闭症儿童刷牙训练中的应用效果。方法采用目的抽样法选取2022年3月至10月在南京地区某自闭症康复中心的20名自闭症儿童为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其随机分成试验组和对照组,各10例。对照组采用常规模型演示+健康教育,试验组在此基础上联合刷牙视觉教育法。比较两组干预前、干预后(1、3、6)个月的有效刷牙步骤、刷牙能力和菌斑指数。结果经过6个月的干预,试验组在有效刷牙步骤得分和刷牙能力方面显著高于对照组,菌斑指数得分显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论刷牙视觉教育法能提高自闭症儿童刷牙能力,但短期效果差,需要照护者耐心坚持。

Objective To explore the application effect of visual education method for brushing teeth in autistic children's brushing training.Methods From March to October 2022,20 autistic children were selected from an autism rehabilitation center in Nanjing by purposive sampling method.They were randomly assigned into two groups:an experimental group and a control group(n=10 each).The control group was given routine model demonstration and health education,while the experimental group was combined with brushing visual education on this basis.The effective brushing steps,brushing ability and plaque index were compared between the two groups before and after intervention(1,3 and 6 months).Results After six months of intervention,the scores of brushing steps and brushing ability in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05),while the plaque index score was significantly lower than that in the control group(P < 0.05).Conclusions The visual education method of brushing teeth can improve the brushing ability of autistic children,but the short-term effect is poor,which requires the patience and persistence of caregivers.