大型原油储罐温降过程数值模拟

Numerical Simulation of Temperature Drop Process of Large Crude Oil Storage Tank

研究大型原油储罐温降过程,准确分析罐存油品温度分布,能为储罐的工程设计提供科学、准确的依据,为原油储罐安全运行、节能降耗提供指导与帮助。为满足储罐建设中的保温要求,建立了大型原油储罐传热模型,充分考虑了原油流变特性、太阳辐射强度、罐基附近土壤温度场以及罐顶浮舱内空气夹层对罐内原油温度分布的影响。以东非储罐项目中某大型原油储罐为例,对储罐内油品在不同保温介质、不同保温层厚度条件下24 h温降全过程开展数值模拟计算。计算结果表明:靠近储罐浮顶部分的原油温降幅度较小,可不设保温;罐体保温设施在满足工艺要求的前提下,以模拟计算结果为依据,对保温层材料和保温层厚度进行优选,可达到节能降耗、降低工程投资的目的。

Studying the temperature drop process of large crude oil storage tanks and accurately analyz-ing the temperature distribution of stored oil products can not only provide a scientific and accurate basis for the engineering design of storage tanks,but also provide guidance and assistance for the safe opera-tion,energy conservation and consumption reduction of crude oil storage tanks.To meet the insulation requirements during the construction of storage tanks,a heat transfer model for large crude oil storage tanks is established,the effects of crude oil rheological properties,solar radiation intensity,soil tem-perature field near the tank base,and the air interlayer inside the floating tank roof on the temperature distribution of crude oil inside the tank are considered.Taking a large crude oil storage tank in the East Africa Storage Tank Project as an example,numerical simulation calculations are conducted on the whole process of 24-hour temperature drop of the oil in the storage tank under different insulation me-dia and different insulation layer thickness conditions.The calculation results show that the temperature drop of crude oil near the floating top of the tank is small,so insulation of the floating roof is not re-quired.On the premise of meeting the technological requirements of tank insulation facilities,the opti-mization of insulation layer materials and thickness is conducted based on the simulation and calculation results,which can achieve the purpose of energy conservation,consumption reduction,and reducing project investment.