山东30个无性系茶树品种抗寒性评价及良种筛选

Cold Resistance Evaluation and Improved Varieties Selection of 30 Clonal Tea Trees in Shandong

【目的】筛选出山东茶区适栽适制无性系茶树良种,丰富茶树良种资源,推动山东茶产业发展。【方法】对龙井长叶、龙井43、中茶108等30个无性系茶树品种进行田间自然鉴定、叶片解剖结构分析、表现性状比较及茶叶感官审评,分析各品种抗寒性及适栽适制性。【结果】龙井长叶、龙井43、中茶108、鸠坑早、平阳特早、鄂茶1号、碧香早、福鼎大白茶、茂绿、白毫早、金萱、金观音12个品种的抗寒性较强,抗寒性指数>2.5;龙井43、中茶108、鸠坑早、龙井长叶、金萱、白毫早、福鼎大白茶、鄂茶1号、碧香早、浙农113、迎霜11个品种在成活率及产量方面表现较优,成活率≥92.69%,产量≥32.6 kg/667m^(2);龙井43、中茶108、鸠坑早、龙井长叶、金萱、白毫早、福鼎大白茶、鄂茶1号、碧香早9个品种的外形、汤色、香气、滋味和叶底感官评审总分≥88.85分。【结论】综合抗寒性、成活率及产量因素,龙井43、中茶108、鸠坑早、龙井长叶、金萱、白毫早、福鼎大白茶、鄂茶1号、碧香早9个品种在山东种植表现出相对较强的抗寒性,田间性状优、产量高、品质优,属山东适栽适制茶树优良品种。

【Objective】The clonal tea tree varieties with adaptability and suitability in Shandong tea-growing area were screened to enrich the resources of improved tea tree varieties and promote the development of tea industry in Shandong.【Method】The field natural evaluation,leaf anatomical structure analysis,performance trait comparison and tea sensory evaluation of 30 clonal tea tree varieties(Longjing Changye,Longjing 43,Zhongcha 108,etc.)were carried out to analyze the cold resistance,adaptability and suitability of each variety.【Result】12 varieties,including Longjing Changye,Longjing 43,Zhongcha 108,Jiukengzao,Pingyang Tezao,Echa 1,Bixiangzao,Fuding Dabaicha,Maolv,Baihaozao,Jinxuan and Jinguanyin,showed relatively strong cold resistance with cold resistance index>2.5;11 varieties,including Longjing 43,Zhongcha 108,Jiukengzao,Longjing Changye,Jinxuan,Baihaozao,Fuding Dabaicha,Echa 1,Bixiangzao,Zhenong 113 and Yingshuang,showed better survival rate and yield performance with survival rate≥92.69%and yield≥32.6 kg/667m^(2);The shape,liquid color,aroma,taste and leaf base in 9 varieties,including Longjing 43,Zhongcha 108,Jiukengzao,Longjing Changye,Jinxuan,Baihaozao,Fuding Dabaicha,Echa 1 and Bixiangzao,showed total sensory evaluation scores≥88.85;【Conclusion】Based on comprehensive analysis of cold resistance,survival rate and yield factors,9 varieties with relatively strong cold resistance,excellent field performance,high yield and good quality are selected,including Longjing 43,Zhongcha 108,Jiukengzao,Longjing Changye,Jinxuan,Baihaozao,Fuding Dabaicha,Echa 1 and Bixiangzao,which belong to the tea excellent varieties with adaptability and suitability in Shandong.