温度和光周期对柑橘大实蝇化蛹的影响

Effect of Temperature and Photoperiod on the Pupation of Bactrocera minax

为了解温度和光周期对柑橘大实蝇(Bactrocera minax)幼虫化蛹的影响,测定了5℃、10℃、15℃、20℃、25℃温度和8 L∶16 D、10 L∶14 D、12 L∶12 D、14 L∶10 D、16 L∶8 D光周期下柑橘大实蝇的化蛹历期、化蛹率和化蛹进度。结果显示光周期对化蛹历期、化蛹率、化蛹进度均无显著影响,温度对柑橘大实蝇化蛹历期和化蛹进度存在显著影响,而对化蛹率无显著影响。10℃和15℃下化蛹历期较短,为2.73 d和2.47 d。5℃和20℃下化蛹历期未显著延长,而25℃下化蛹历期显著延长至7.40 d。10℃和15℃下化蛹进度最快,第5 d完成化蛹;其次为5℃和20℃,第10 d完成化蛹;25℃下至第21 d才完成化蛹。总之,10℃和15℃适宜柑橘大实蝇化蛹;相对低温(5℃)和高温(25℃)均会延缓化蛹进度,但相对高温(25℃)作用更明显,会导致化蛹历期延长。

To investigate the effects of temperature and photoperiod on the pupation of Bactrocera minax larvae,the pupation durations,pupation rates,and pupation progress of B.minax were recorded at the temperatures of 5℃,10℃,15℃,20℃ and 25℃,and the photoperiods of 8 L:16 D,10 L:14 D,12 L:12 D,14 L:10 D and 16 L:8 D.The results indicated that the photoperiod had no significant impact on pupation durations,pupation rates and pupation progress,while the temperature significantly affected the pupation durations and progress of B.minax but had no significant impact on pupation rates.At 10℃ and 15℃,the pupation durations were shorter,being 2.73 d and 2.47 d,respectively.And it did not significantly prolong at 5℃ and 20℃ but significantly extended to 7.40 d at 25℃.At 10℃ and 15℃,pupation progressed most rapidly,with pupation completed on the 5th day.Subsequently,at 5℃ and 20℃,pupation was completed on the 10th day.While at 25℃,pupation extended until the 21st day.In conclusion,10℃ and 15℃ were suitable for the pupation of Bactrocera minax.Relatively low temperatures(5℃)and high temperatures(25℃)both delayed the pupation progress,and the effect was more pronounced at relatively high temperatures(25℃),resulting in an extended pupation duration.