临床分离大肠埃希菌与铜绿假单胞菌体外药敏及头孢他啶阿维巴坦抗菌特点研究

In vitro sensitivity of Escherichia Coli and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa isolated from clinical sources to and antibacterial characteristics of Ceftazidime-Avibactam

目的探究临床分离大肠埃希菌与铜绿假单胞菌体外药敏及头孢他啶阿维巴坦抗菌特点。方法收集2020年11月—2021年11月于武威市中医医院骨科伤口感染分泌物的104株大肠埃希菌与68株铜绿假单胞菌,用微量肉汤稀释法测定头孢他啶阿维巴坦及其他几种常见抗菌药物的体外抗菌活性,分析头孢他啶阿维巴坦对伤口分泌物中两种细菌的抗菌效果。结果研究中纳入的大肠埃希菌对抗菌药物的敏感率由高到低依次为头孢他啶阿维巴坦[86.54%(90/104)]、亚胺培南[61.54%(64/104)]、庆大霉素[53.85%(56/104)]、左氧氟沙星[46.15%(48/104)]、头孢呋辛[40.38%(42/104)]、环丙沙星[38.46%(40/104)]、头孢唑林[36.54%(38/104)]、氨苄西林[11.54%(12/104)](P<0.05)。铜绿假单胞菌对抗菌药物的敏感性由高到低依次为头孢他啶阿维巴坦[94.12%(64/68)]、庆大霉素[85.29%(58/68)]、头孢唑林和亚胺培南[82.35%(56/68)]、头孢呋辛[80.88%(55/68)]、哌拉西林[73.53%(50/68)]、环丙沙星[58.82%(40/68)]、左氧氟沙星[55.88%(38/68)](P<0.05)。头孢他啶阿维巴坦在碳青霉烯类药物敏感的大肠埃希菌和碳青霉烯类药物耐药的大肠埃希菌两组中的敏感率分别为84.38%(54/64)和90.00%(36/40),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);头孢他啶阿维巴坦在碳青霉烯类药物敏感的铜绿假单胞菌和碳青霉烯类药物耐药的铜绿假单胞菌两组中的敏感率分别为92.86%(52/56)和100.00%(12/12),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论头孢他啶阿维巴坦对伤口分泌物中大肠埃希菌与铜绿假单胞菌抗菌效果较高,并且其对于碳青霉烯类药物耐药的大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌敏感性也较高。

Objective To investigate the in vitro sensitivity of Escherichia Coli and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa isolated from clinical sources to and the antibacterial characteristics of the ceftazidime-avibactam.Methods A total of 104 strains of Escherichia Coli and 68 strains of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa were isolated from wounds secretions of infected patients admitted to our hospital from November 2020 to November 2021 were collected.In vitro antibacterial activity of ceftazidime-avibactam and other common antibacterial drugs against Escherichia Coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined by the broth microdilution method.Then the antibacterial effects of ceftazidime-avibactam on two types of bacteria were assessed.Results The included antimicrobial drugs against Escherichia Coli sorted in descending order by susceptibility were ceftazidime-avibactam(86.54%,90/104),imipenem(61.54%,64/104),gentamicin(53.85%,56/104),levofloxacin(46.15%,48/104),cefuroxime(40.38%,42/104),ciprofloxacin(38.46%,40/104),cefazolin(36.54%,38/104)and ampicillin(11.54%,12/104).The included antimicrobial drugs against Pseudomonas aeruginosa sorted in descending order by susceptibility were ceftazidime-avibactam(94.12%,64/68),gentamicin(85.29%,58/68),cefazolin and imipenem(82.35%,56/68),cefuroxime(80.88%,55/68),piperacillin(73.53%,50/68),ciprofloxacin(58.82%,40/68)and levofloxacin(55.88%,38/68).The susceptibility rates of ceftazidime-avibactam to carbapenem-susceptible and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia Coli were 84.38%(54/64)and 90.00%(36/40),with no statistical between-group difference(P>0.05).The susceptibility rates of ceftazidime-avibactam to carbapenem-susceptible and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 92.86%(52/56)and 100.00%(12/12),with no statistical between-group difference(P>0.05).Conclusion Ceftazidime-avibactam has high antibacterial activity against Escherichia Coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in wound secretions,and it also has high susceptibility to carbapenem-resistant Escherichia Coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.