植物基因编辑技术及其在果树上的应用

Plant Gene Editing Technology and its Applications in Fruit Trees

基因编辑技术不同于传统转基因技术,可以在不引入外源DNA片段的情况下快速、精确地对生物体基因组进行改造,具有较高的安全性。基因编辑技术在水稻、玉米、马铃薯等农作物以及拟南芥等模式植物中已经进行了大量的研究,近年来在果树上也取得了一定成就,在果树育种上显示出巨大的应用潜力。据此介绍了植物基因编辑技术的种类及基本原理,总结了果树基因编辑技术研究进展,分析了存在的问题,并对果树基因编辑技术的应用前景进行了展望。

Compared with traditional transgenic technology,gene editing technology can rapidly and precisely modify the genome of an organism without introducing exogenous DNA fragments,and presents higher security.In recent years,gene editing technology has been widely used in many crops,such as rice,maize and potatoes and model plant Arabidopsis thaliana,which has also been successfully applied in fruit trees,showing great potential in fruit tree breeding.In this paper,we introduced the types and basic principles of plant gene editing technology,summarized the research progress of this technology in fruit trees,analysed the existing problems and looked forward to the prospect of the applications of gene editing technology in fruit trees.