剪切参数对混装乳化炸药稳定性及爆炸性能的影响

Influence of Shear Parameters on the Stability and Explosion Performance of Mixed Emulsion Explosives

为研究剪切参数对混装乳化炸药稳定性及爆炸性能的影响规律,以新疆某露天煤矿混装乳化炸药地面站为工程背景,通过自然储存、运输颠簸振动、爆炸性能测试等方法,优化了该地面站混装乳化炸药的乳化工艺及剪切参数。结果表明:一定范围内,乳胶基质的抗颠簸振动及自然储存稳定性与剪切强度正相关;采用涡轮式叶片制备的乳胶基质稳定性最好,推进式叶片次之,桨式叶片最差;随着搅拌桨叶片长度的增加和叶片层数的增多,乳胶基质的析晶率呈递减趋势,稳定性升高。现场爆破试验结果表明,使用优化后的乳化工艺及剪切参数制备的混装乳化炸药的爆速达到4200 m/s左右,经历1000 km的长途运输后仍可稳定起爆,爆堆块度和大块率明显降低,爆破效果得到明显改善。

In order to study the influence of shear parameters on stability and explosive performance of mixed emulsion explosives,mixed emulsion explosives produced in a ground station in an open-pit coal mine in Xinjiang was studied.Emulsification process and shear parameters of mixed emulsion explosives were optimized by the methods such as natural storage,transportation vibration,and explosive performance testing.The results indicate that,within a certain range,the anti-vibration and natural storage stability of emulsion matrix are positively correlated with shear strength.The emulsion matrix prepared with turbine blades has the best stability,followed by the emulsion matrix prepared with propulsion blades and propeller blades.As the length of the stirring blade or the number of blade layers increases,crystallization rate of the emulsion matrix shows a decreasing trend,and the stability is higher.The on-site blasting test results show that,using optimized emulsification technology and shear parameters,the mixed emulsion explosive has a detonation speed of about 4200 m/s.After a long-distance transportation of 1000 km,it can still detonate stably.And the rock fragmentation and block rate significantly decrease after explosion,resulting in a significant improvement in the blasting outcomes.