不同栽培条件对段木灵芝性状及营养品质的影响研究

Effects of different cultivation conditions on agronomic traits and quality of Ganoderma lucidum cultivated on wood log

以“沪农1号”灵芝为试验菌株,采用薄膜温室段木栽培方式,设置黄壤土、腐殖土、碎石、细沙4种覆土材料处理和0、60%、75%、90%4个遮阴率处理,探究不同覆土材料和遮阴率对灵芝生长状况、产量,以及灵芝多糖、三萜和甾醇含量的影响。结果:不同覆土材料对菌盖直径和厚度的影响不显著;菌柄直径以碎石处理显著高于其他处理,菌柄长度和子实体干重以腐殖土、碎石处理显著高于沙土和黄壤土处理,孢子粉产量以沙土处理显著高于其他处理;子实体多糖含量以沙土处理最高为1.82%,三萜及甾醇含量则以碎石处理最高,为1.30%。75%遮阴率的菌柄长度、菌盖直径显著高于不遮阴处理,菌盖直径和厚度均优于其他处理,子实体干重和孢子粉产量显著高于其他处理,多糖含量也为组间最高,达到2.24%;三萜及甾醇含量在不遮阴处理下最高,为1.44%。表明以碎石为覆土材料,遮阴率设置为75%时,更有利于段木灵芝的生长发育,实现灵芝的高产优质栽培。

Using Ganoderma Lucidum“HUNong 1”as the test strain and the film greenhouse segmented wood cultivation method was employed,Four covering materials(loam,humus,gravel,and fine sand)and 4 levels of shading rates(0%,60%,75%,90%)were set up to explore the effects of different covering materials and shading rates on the growth status,yield,as well as the content of polysaccharides,triterpenes,and sterols of G.lucidum.Results:different covering materials had no significant effect on the diameter and thickness of the pileus;the diameter of the stipe was significantly higher in the gravel treatment than in the other treatments,the length of the stipe and the dry weight of the fruiting body were significantly higher in the humus and gravel treatments than in the sandy soil and loam treatments,and the yield of spore powder was significantly higher in the sandy soil treatment group than in the other treatments.The polysaccharide content of substrate was the highest in the sandy soil treatment,which was 1.82%,and the triterpene and sterol content was the highest among the groups in the treatment covered with gravel,which was 1.30%.The length of the stipe and the diameter of the pileus were significantly higher than that in the no-shading treatment under the shade rate of 75%,and the diameter and thickness of mycelium cap was better than that in the other treatments,and the dry weight of substrate and the yield of sporoderma was significantly higher than that of the other treatments,and the polysaccharide content was also the highest among the groups,which was 2.24%.The triterpene and sterol content was the highest under the no-shading treatment,which was 1.44%.Conclusion:When the mulch material was gravel,the shading rate was set at 75%,which was more favorable to the growth and development of G.lucidum,and realized the high-quality and high-yield cultivation mode of G.lucidum.