山区采动地表异常形变识别与损害原因

Identification of Abnormal Surface Deformation Caused by Mining in Mountainous Areas and Revelation of Damage Causes

现有开采损害鉴定的研究成果主要针对平原区域,缺少对高强度开采条件下山区地表建(构)筑物损坏的研究。以山西省冶头村建筑的异常损害为例,首先基于短基线集差分干涉测量技术(small baselines subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar,SBAS-InSAR),利用20景Sentinel-1A雷达影像,反演了目标区2016-11-14至2017-07-12期间地表形变的空间分布形态和时间演变过程。然后,结合现场调查的房屋损坏特征及地表裂缝数据,从开采沉陷理论和坡体稳定性分析两个角度进行开采损害鉴定的研究工作。研究表明:SBAS技术能够实现对采动地表异常形变的有效识别和提取,可为异常损害规律研究和原因揭示提供数据支撑;开采引起边坡稳定性降低,导致坡体蠕变滑移是地表建筑异常损害的原因。相关结论对于沉陷控制理论的发展完善,对开展山区井工开采房屋损害鉴定工作具有借鉴意义。

The existing research results on mining damage identification are mainly focused on plain areas,and there is a lack of research on damage to surface buildings(structures)in mountainous areas under high-intensity mining conditions.The abnormal damage of buildings in Yetou Village,Shanxi Province was took as an example.Firstly,based on the small baselines subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar(SBAS-InSAR)technique,20 Sentinel-1A radar images were used to invert the spatial distribution pattern and temporal evolution of surface deformation in the target area from November 14th,2016 to July 12th,2017.Then,combined with the house damage characteristics and surface crack data from the on-site survey,the research work on mining damage identification was carried out from the perspectives of mining subsidence theory and slope stability analysis.The research results indicate that:SBAS technology can effectively identify and extract abnormal surface deformation caused by mining,and can provide data support for the study of abnormal damage laws and the disclosure of causes.The reduction of slope stability caused by mining,leading to creep and sliding of the slope,is the cause of abnormal damage to surface buildings.The relevant conclusions have reference significance for the development and improvement of subsidence control theory and for conducting damage assessment work on houses in mountainous mining areas.