香港基础教育教材管理:编写·评审·选用·监察

Textbook Mangement in the Stage of Basic Education in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region:Compilation,Approval,Selection and Monitoring

基础教育教材管理对于教材的质量以及整体教育水平具有极为重要的影响。作为我国的特区,香港地区对于基础教育教材的编写、评审、选用、监察等进行了专门的制度设计,在基础教育教材管理方面积累了丰富且独特的经验。在教材编写方面,各出版社根据香港教育局发布的《优质课本基本原则》、课程及评估指引等指南,组织专业人员编写教材。在教材评审方面,香港教育局于内部设立由局内和局外评审员共同组成的课本委员会,负责评审接受送审科目的教科书。在教材选用方面,香港学校和教师享有较大的自主权,可根据教学专业判断遴选适用的教材。就教材监察而言,出版社所出版的教科书由香港教育局进行监督,而校本教材设计则属于学校的职权范围,由学校管理层主要负责。总的来看,在自由市场机制下,香港基础教育教材管理徘徊于控制与自由之间,出版社和学校具有主体地位,教育局处于主导地位。为构建与“一国两制”相适应的教育体系,香港基础教育教材制度仍需不断进行提升与完善。

The management of teaching materials for basic education has an extremely important impact on the quality of teaching materials and the overall standard of education.The HKSAR has a systematic design for the compilation,approval,selection and monitoring of teaching materials for basic education,and has accumulated rich and unique experience in the management of teaching materials for basic education.As far as the development of teaching materials is concerned,publishers organise professional staff to develop teaching materials in accordance with the guidelines issued by the HKSAR Education Bureau.In respect of textbook review,the HKSAR Education Bureau has set up the Textbook Committee which is responsible for reviewing textbooks of subjects submitted for review.As far as the selection of teaching materials is concerned,schools and teachers enjoy a high degree of autonomy in selecting suitable teaching materials based on their professional judgement in teaching.As far as monitoring of teaching materials is concerned,textbooks published by publishers are monitored by the HKSAR Education Bureau,while school-based teaching materials are under the purview of schools.In general,under the free market mechanism,the management of teaching materials for basic education in the HKSAR hovers between control and freedom,with publishers and schools having a dominant role and the HKSAR Education Bureau in a leading position.The HKSAR basic education teaching materials system still needs to be continuously upgraded and improved.