钚同位素示踪技术在树木年轮中的应用研究进展

Potential application of plutonium isotopes as a tracer in tree ring:A review

钚(Pu)核素具有极强的辐射毒性和生物毒性,对动植物和人类健康危害巨大,分析Pu同位素在树轮中的水平、迁移规律及其污染历史对于潜在的生态安全和植物毒性评价至关重要。在中国核电事业快速发展的背景下,建立不同区域树轮的Pu同位素背景数据尤为迫切。为此,本文对目前现存的少量文献资料进行了总结和归纳,首先简要阐述了环境中Pu同位素来源与沉降模式;重点分析了Pu同位素进入树轮的潜在途径,以及Pu同位素在树轮中的径向分布特征及其指示意义;最后,本文强调了建立树轮Pu同位素化学分析测试方法的重要性,及其示踪应用的发展方向,对于促进和拓展树轮Pu同位素示踪研究具有重要现实意义。

Plutonium(Pu)nuclide has strong radiation toxicity and biological toxicity,which is very harmful to animals,plants and human health.Thus,it is important to analyze the level,migration and pollution history of Pu isotopes in tree rings for ecological security and phytotoxicity evaluation.Under the background of the rapid development of China’s nuclear power industry along coastal areas,it is particularly necessary to estab-lish the background data,including the Pu activity concentration as well as isotopic composition in the tree rings collected from different regions.In the present work,based on collecting and summarizing the limited ex-isting literature and materials,the source and deposition mode of Pu isotope in the environment are briefly de-scribed.Then,the spatial pathway of Pu isotopes entering tree rings,the radial distribution characteristics of Pu isotope in tree ring samples as well as its environmental significance are also discussed.Finally,we emphas-ized the importance of developing chemical analysis method for accurately determining Pu isotopes with mass spectrometry technology and the research direction of its application research of this nuclide in tree rings,which is of great significance to promote the study of Pu isotopes as a tracer in the tree ring.