后路小切口髋关节置换术治疗老年单侧创伤性股骨颈骨折患者的效果

Effect of Posterior Small Incision Hip Replacement in Elderly Patients with Unilateral Traumatic Femoral Neck Fracture

目的分析后路小切口髋关节置换手术对老年人单侧创伤性股骨颈骨折的治疗效果。方法选取2021年1月—2023年10月贵医安顺医院骨科收治的100例老年单侧创伤性股骨颈骨折患者为研究对象,通过双盲法抽签法分为观察组与参考组,每组50例。参考组应用外侧入路小切口髋关节置换术治疗,观察组应用后路小切口髋关节置换术治疗,对比两组手术指标、疼痛评分、不良反应发生率、髋关节功能评分。结果观察组术中出血量、切口长度、下床活动时间优于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组术后2、4、8 d疼痛评分低于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于参考组,髋关节功能各项评分高于参考组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论后路小切口髋关节置换手术适用于老年人单侧股骨颈骨折。该技术能够有效减轻疼痛,并降低并发症的发生风险,促进患者髋关节功能的恢复。

Objective To analyze the efficacy of posterior small incision hip replacement in the treatment of elderly patients with unilateral traumatic femoral neck fracture.Methods A total of 100 elderly patients with unilateral traumatic femoral neck fracture admitted to the Department of Orthopedics of Guiyi Anshun Hospital from January 2021 to October 2023 were selected as the study objects.They were divided into observation group and reference group by double-blind drawing method,with 50 cases in each group.The reference group was treated with lateral approach small incision hip replacement,and the observation group was treated with posterior small incision hip replacement.Operative indexes,pain score,incidence of adverse reactions and hip function score were compared between the two groups.Results The amount of blood loss,incision length and time to get out of bed in the observation group were better than those in the reference group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The pain score of the observation group at 2,4,8 d after surgery was significantly lower than those of the reference group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in observation group was lower than that in reference group,the hip function scores of observation group was significantly higher than those of reference group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion Posterior small incision hip replacement is a treatment for elderly patients with unilateral femoral neck fractures.This technique can effectively reduce pain and the occurrence risk of complications,promote the recovery of hip function in patients.