布鲁氏菌病的核酸检测技术相关研究进展

Progress of Research Related to Nucleic Acid Detection Technology of Brucellosis

布鲁氏菌病在临床的表现缺乏一致性,存在明确的差异性、单一性。尽早通过实验室检测手段确诊疾病,对疾病后续治疗与康复有着积极的影响。以往开展布鲁氏菌病诊断,主要是应用血清学检测手段,但这类方法往往缺乏特异性,导致其应用受限。与之不同的是,核酸扩增检测技术被证明在诊断布鲁氏菌病中具有更高的灵敏度和特异性。本文对布鲁氏菌病发病机制、基因组学、核酸检测靶基因、核酸提取办法、核酸扩增试验等进行讨论,以期为布鲁氏菌病核酸检测技术提供参考。

Brucellosis lacks consistency in clinical manifestations,and there are clear differences and singularities.Confirming the diagnosis of the disease as early as possible by means of laboratory tests has a positive impact on the subsequent treatment and rehabilitation of the disease.In the past,the diagnosis of brucellosis was carried out mainly by applying serologic testing methods,but such methods often lacked specificity,leading to their limited application.In contrast,nucleic acid amplification assays have been shown to have higher sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of brucellosis.In this paper,the pathogenesis of brucellosis,genomics,target genes for nucleic acid detection,nucleic acid extraction methods,and nucleic acid amplification assays are discussed with a view to providing a reference for nucleic acid detection techniques for brucellosis.