城市化进程下乡村振兴的困境与对策

The Predicament and Countermeasures of Rural Revitalization in the Process of Urbanization

随着城市化进程加速推进,农村生产要素大量外流,城乡发展差距日益扩大,城乡二元经济结构仍待改善,资本的无序扩张损害了农民的利益。党中央提出了乡村振兴战略,就是要推动农村的发展,保障农民的利益,重建中国人的精神家园。本文分析了乡村发展所面临的困境:农村资源流出、农业产业劳动生产率低下、数据要素确权不清晰等诸多困境,背后还隐藏着东方农耕文明与西方城市文明的激烈碰撞。结合农村建设与发展的特点,本文探讨农村发展破局的对策,农村发展不能照搬城市的发展模式,需要政策支持与制度创新;在传统商业金融失效的情况下,农村尤其需要非商业金融的支持,同时要推进城乡一体化建设,推进产业融合与产业数字化升级,加强产业链、供应链建设,最后还要推进全国统一大市场的建设,促进要素流入农村,挖掘有效需求,实现乡村全面振兴。

With the acceleration of urbanization process,the outflow of rural production factors and the widening gap in regional industrial development,urban and rural dual economic structure still need to be optimized.The disorderly expansion of capital not only harms the interests of farmers,but also makes urban labors lose their self-worth.The Party Central Committee put forward the strategy of rural revitalization,which is to promote the development of rural areas,protect the interests of farmers and rebuild the spiritual homeland of Chinese people.This paper analyzes the predicaments of rural development,such as the outflow of resources,the low productivity of agricultural industry,the unclear confirmation of data factor ownership,et al,behind also hides the fierce collision between the eastern farming civilization and the western city civilization.Based on the characteristics of rural construction,this paper discusses the countermeasures for rural development to break down the situation.Rural development cannot copy the development mode of cities,and needs policy support and system innovation,especially needs the support from non-commercial finance.Meanwhile,rural revitalization requires promoting urban-rural integration,industrial integration and agricultural digital upgrading,which sets higher standards for the construction of industrial chain and supply chain.Finally,we should promote the construction of the national unified market and promote the flow of factors into rural areas,in order to increase effective demand and achieve a comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.