芳香疗法在老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者安宁疗护中的应用及其对心理状态及死亡态度的影响

Application of Aromatherapy in Hospice Care for Elderly Patients with Advanced Malignant Tumors and its Influence on Mental State,Pain Degr ee and Death Attitude

目的:探讨芳香疗法在老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者安宁疗护中的应用及其对心理状态、疼痛程度及死亡态度的影响。方法:将新乡市中心医院2021年1月—2022年10月符合标准的103例老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=51)和观察组(n=52)。对照组给予基础照顾和安宁疗护,观察组在对照组基础上联合芳香疗法干预,干预6周后观察2组患者的心理状态、疼痛程度及死亡态度。结果:干预后,2组患者广泛性焦虑障碍量表(Generalized anxiety disorder scale-7)、抑郁症自我评估量表(Patient Health Questionnaire-9)得分均较干预前降低,且观察组得分较对照组低(P<0.05);干预后,2组患者疼痛数字评分法(Numerical rating scale)评分均较干预前降低,且观察组患者得分低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后,2组患者死亡态度描绘修订表(Death Attitude Profile-Revised)评分中死亡恐惧(Death fear)、死亡逃避(Death escape)、逃离接受(Escape from accept)维度得分均较干预前降低,且观察组患者得分较对照组低(P<0.05);2组DAP-R评分中趋近接受(Approaching acceptance)和自然接受(Naturally accept)维度得分均较干预前高,且观察组得分较对照组高(P<0.05)。结论:芳香疗法应用于老年晚期恶性肿瘤患者的安宁疗护中可以减轻疼痛,改善心理状态和死亡态度。

Objective:To explore the application of aromatherapy in the palliative care of elderly patients with advanced malignant tumors and its impact on psychological state,pain level and attitude towards death.Methods:103 elderly patients with advanced malignant tumors who met the criteria in Xinxiang Central Hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were taken as research subjects and divided into a control group(n=51)and an observation group(n)according to the random number table method(n=52).The control group was given basic care and palliative care,and the observation group was combined with aromatherapy intervention on the basis of the control group.After 6 weeks of intervention,the psychological state,pain level and death attitude of the two groups of patients were observed.Results:After the intervention,the scores of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 and Depression Self-Assessment Scale(Patient Health Questionnaire-9)of the two groups of patients were lower than before the intervention.,and the scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);after the intervention,the Numerical rating scale scores of the patients in both groups were lower than before the intervention,and the scores of the patients in the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);after intervention,the Death Attitude Profile-Revised(DAP-R)scores of the two groups of patients included Death fear(DF),Death escape,and Escape acceptance.from accept dimension scores were lower than before intervention,and the scores of patients in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);in the DAP-R scores of the two groups,approaching acceptance and natural acceptance dimension scores were higher than before intervention,and the observation group scored higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Aromatherapy can reduce pain,improve psychological state and attitude towards death when used in the palliative care of elderly patients with advanced malignant tumors.