不同环境因素对全球母乳喂养的影响与启示

The impact and implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on global breastfeeding

母乳喂养被世界卫生组织视为粮食安全的核心支柱。生后6个月的纯母乳喂养以及持续母乳喂养2岁以上是母乳喂养的早期目标。阻碍这一目标的实现,除因保健制度支持不足、产妇护助政策不完善、配方奶粉监管不足等原因外,还有疾病的流行、气候的危机和全球贫富差距等诸多喂养大环境的因素。本文通过一些国家的母乳喂养状况的对策分析,总结在球面临各种危机面前如何稳固母乳喂养的作为粮食安全的支柱作用,以避免这些危机进一步危害到孕产妇和婴儿这一弱势群体。

Breastfeeding is considered a central pillar of food security by the World Health Organization.Exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months after birth and continued breastfeeding for 2 years and beyond are early goals for breastfeeding.In addition to inadequate health care system support,inadequate maternal care policies,inadequate regulation of formula milk,there are many feeding environment factors such as disease epidemics,climate crises,and the global wealth gap.Through the analysis of responses to breastfeeding in some countries during the COVID-19 pandemic,we can summarize how to strengthen the role of breastfeeding as a pillar of food security in the face of various crises in the world,so as to prevent these crises from further harming the vulnerable groups of mothers and infants.