大学生全谷物知识、态度、行为现状调查及分析

Investigation and Analysis on Knowledge,Attitude and Behavior of Whole Grains and Related Products of College Students

目的:了解大学生全谷物知识、态度、行为(KAP)现状及影响因素,为合理指导大学生饮食行为提供科学依据。方法:自行设计问卷,采用分层取整群抽样方法,通过“问卷星”平台,对新疆某医学院校大学生对全谷物KAP现状进行调查,并对结果进行分析。结果:共收取有效问卷804份,结果显示,调查学生对全谷物及其制品相关知识知晓率从39.6%~87.4%,平均为67.2%,略偏低。绝大多数学生对全谷物及其制品态度积极,肯定全谷物及其制品对身体健康的影响,97.9%的学生都比较愿意支持食用全谷物食品。行为方面,学生食用全谷物及制品的频率还是较低,每天摄入的人数占比仅为9.1%;购买原因主要是为了营养健康和减肥代餐,购买途径主要来自面包店和网络;女生、高年级学生,全谷物KAP表现更加良好。结论:调查学生对全谷物及其制品知识的知晓率低,态度尚积极,饮食行为还欠合理。建议营养专家利用课堂、网络等多渠道普及全谷物相关知识,纠正学生不良饮食习惯,建议学校食堂、超市增加全谷物食品,不断提高学生健康素养。

【Objective】To understand the current situation and influencing factors of whole grain knowledge,attitude and behavior(KAP)of college students,and to provide scientific basis for rational guidance of college students'dietary behavior.【Method】Selfdesigned questionnaires,using stratified cluster sampling method,through the"Questionnaire Star"platform,to investigate the current situation of whole grain KAP among college students in a medical college in Xinjiang,and analyze the results.【Result】A total of 804 valid questionnaires were collected.The results showed that the awareness rate of the surveyed students about whole grains and their products ranged from 39.6%to 87.4%,with an average of 67.2%,which was slightly lower.Positive attitude,affirming the impact of whole grains and their products on their health,97.9%of the students were more willing to support the consumption of whole grains food.In terms of behavior,the frequency of students consuming whole grains and products is still relatively low,and the proportion of the number of people who consume them every day was only 9.1%.The reasons for purchase were mainly for nutrition,health and weight loss meal replace⁃ments,and the purchase channels were mainly from bakeries and the Internet.Girls,seniors,and whole grain KAP performed better.【Conclusion】In the survey,students'awareness rate of whole grain and its products knowledge is low,their attitude is still positive,and their eating behavior is not reasonable.It is suggested that experts popularize knowledge about whole grains through classroom,Internet and other channels,correct students'bad eating habits,add whole grains to school canteens and supermarkets,and continuously improve students'health literacy.