新时代家长教育素养及提升策略研究

Research on Parental Educational Literacy and Improvement Strategies in the New Era

家长教育素养水平是影响我国现行家庭教育质量的关键。新时代家长教育素养的内涵是指父母或其他监护人为完成对未成年人的道德品质、身体素质、生活技能、文化修养、行为习惯等家庭教育培养任务所应具备的基本品质或条件,包括家庭教育知识、家庭教育理念、家庭教育方式、家庭教育能力。提高家长教育素养有利于培养全面发展的时代新人,纾解家庭教育困境,弘扬优秀家庭家教家风文化。然而,现实的家长教育素养与应然的家长教育素养存在一定差距。新时代背景下家长教育素养的实然窘境表现在:家长的家庭教育知识掌握多元性不足、群体差异大,家庭教育观念存在结构性缺失,家庭教育方式呈功利取向,家庭教育能力实践性不足。之所以产生这些问题,与家长教育素养积累的多样性和过程性、家庭内部因素、外部支持力度有关。为了提升家长教育素养,促进家庭教育高质量发展,建议家长主动担责、积极配合家庭教育指导,政府建立健全家庭教育指导服务体系,学校创新家校共育模式,协同合力提升家长教育素养水平。

The level of parental educational literacy is a key factor influencing the current quality of family education in our country.The connotation of parental educational literacy in the new era refers to the fundamental qualities or conditions that parents or other guardians possess in order to complete the tasks of family education training for minors,such as moral qualities,physical fitness,life skills,cultural cultivation,behavior habits,and other aspects,including family educational knowledge,family educational philosophies,family educational approaches,and family educational capabilities.Enhancing parental educational literacy is conducive to nurturing well-rounded individuals for the contemporary era,alleviating the dilemma of family education,and promoting the culture of exemplary family education and values.However,there is a certain gap between the actual parental educational literacy and the ideal parental educational literacy.Under the background of the new era,the real dilemma of parental educational literacy is manifested in:parents'lack of diversity of mastery of family education knowledge,significant variations among diferent groups,structural deficiencies of family educational philosophies,the utilitarian orientation of family educational approaches,and insufficient practical capabilities of family education.The reason why these problems arise is related to the diversity and process of the accumulation of parental educational literacy,the internal factors of the family,and the strength of external support.To improve parental educational literacy and promote the high-quality development of family education,it is suggested that parents take proactive responsibility and actively cooperate with family education guidance.Moreover,it is advised that the government establishes a sound family education guidance service system,and schools innovate the home-school co-education model to work in tandem to improve the level of parental educational literacy.