“策略性协作”的组织学解释:市场主体何以被动参与治理

Organizational Explanation of“Strategic Collaboration”:How Market Entities“Passively”Participate in Governance

在当前基层社会治理实践中,市场主体逐渐成为政府开展具体工作的重要抓手。在城市生活垃圾分类管理具体情景中,物业公司参与治理的行为呈现出“策略性协作”特征:当治理任务与公司盈利目标冲突时,缺乏参与动力的物业公司被政府裹挟进场;面对随之而来的政策性负担,物业公司没有机械接受,而是相对灵活地选择策略予以应对。比较案例研究显示,市场主体在应对政策性负担时的组织策略选择呈现出双重趋异特征,即策略倾向趋异与具体策略趋异。这种同质性政策要求下的策略双重趋异现象,是市场主体在“外部激励—压力施加”双重机制共同作用下能动选择的结果。事实上,良性的社会治理需要政府的积极主导,也需要政府与多元主体建立超越“吸纳”逻辑的伙伴型关系。

In the current practice of grassroots social governance,market entities have gradually become an important starting point for the government to carry out specific work.In the specific situation of urban domestic garbage classification and management,the behavior of property management companies participating in governance shows the characteristics of“strategic collaboration”:when governance tasks conflict with the company s profit goals,property management companies that lack motivation to participate are coerced into the arena by the government.Regarding the policy burdens that came with it,property management companies did not mechanically accept policy requirements,but chose strategies flexibly to deal with them.Comparative case studies show that organizational strategies in the process of“strategic collaboration”exhibit dual divergence characteristics,namely divergence of strategic tendencies and divergence of specific strategies.This phenomenon of dual divergence of strategies under the requirements of homogeneous policies is an active choice of organizations under the joint action of the dual mechanisms of“external incentives—pressure application”.In fact,sustainable and good social governance requires the active leadership of the government,and it also requires the government to establish a partnership with multiple subjects that goes beyond the logic of“absorption.”