个体化跌倒预防策略在帕金森病患者中的应用研究

Effect of individualized fall prevention strategies on fall prevention among patients with Parkinson’s disease

目的探讨基于运动训练与健康教育的个体化跌倒预防策略在预防帕金森患者跌倒中的应用效果。方法选取2021年6月至2022年6月北京某三级甲等综合医院收治的140例早中期帕金森病患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法分为对照组与干预组,每组70例。两组均接受常规药物治疗,对照组给予常规防跌倒护理干预,干预组给予基于运动训练与健康教育的个体化跌倒预防策略。比较两组起立-行走计时测验时间(timed up and go test,TUGT)、修订版跌倒效能量表(modified fall efficacy scale,MFES)评分、39项帕金森病(Parkinson’s disease,PD)调查问卷(Parkinson’s disease questionaire,PDQ-39)及Berg平衡量表(Berg balance scale,BBS)评分。结果干预组TUGT时间为(24.90±3.69)s,短于对照组的(26.79±3.52)s,干预组MFES评分为(94.90±9.38)分,高于对照组(85.38±8.97)分,干预组BBS评分(44.37±3.20)分,高于对照组(40.52±3.66)分,干预组PDQ-39评分(31.13±9.34)分,低于对照组的(35.25±10.31)分,两组比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论基于运动训练与健康教育的个体化跌倒预防策略可改善帕金森患者跌倒效果,提高平衡步行能力及患者生活质量。

Objective To explore the effectiveness of individualized fall prevention strategies in preventing falls among Parkinson’s patients.Methods A total of 140 patients with early to mid-stage Parkinson's disease(PD)admitted to our hospital from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The patients were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group using a random number table method,with 70 patients in each group.Both groups received routine and standardised Parkinson’s drug treatment.Additionally,the control group received routine fall prevention nursing interventions,while the intervention group received individualized fall prevention plans proposed based on exercise training and health education in addition to the nursing interventions as given in the control group.The two groups were compared in terms of time by timed up and go tests(TUGT)and respective scores by the Modified Fall Effectiveness Energy Scale(MFES),39-item PD questionnaire(PDQ-39),and Berg balance scale(BBS).Results The intervention group presented with significantly shorter TUGT time compared to the control group[(24.90±3.69)s vs.(26.79±3.52)s,P<0.05].When assessed with the MFES and BBS,the intervention group scored significantly higher compared to the control group[(94.90±9.38)vs.(85.38±8.97),P<0.05;(44.37±3.20)vs.(40.52±3.66),P<0.05,respectively],while,when assessed with the PDQ-39,the intervention group scored significantly lower compared to the control group[(31.13±9.34)vs.(35.25±10.31),P<0.05].Conclusions Individualized fall prevention strategies proposed based on exercise training and health education can improve their effects on preventing falls of Parkinson’s patients and enhance their balance-walking ability,thereby improving their quality of life.Therefore,the strategies are worthy of clinical promotion..