中国基本养老服务制度的伦理向度

The Ethical Dimension of China’s Basic Elderly Care Service System

基本养老服务制度关乎伦理,蕴含遵循以人民为中心的核心价值、彰显共建共享的顶层设计、聚焦正义和效率的协调统一、秉持公共善和个体善相辅相成的伦理属性;在制度的执行和贯彻中存在保基本与需求多样性的差距、传统代际养老责任意识与普惠性相背离、资源配置的均衡性不足等方面的实然伦理困境;只有聚焦基本养老服务责任的顺序性和协同性相结合、传统孝老爱亲文化的创造性转化和创新性发展、基本养老服务分配形式公平和实质公平相统一等应然伦理路径,基本养老服务制度建设才能在“善”的应然方向彰显更大效能。

The basic elderly care service system concerns ethics,embodying the ethical attributes of adhering to the core values of being people-centered,demonstrating top-level designs of co-construction and sharing,focusing on the coordinated unity of justice and efficiency,and upholding the complementary nature of public and individual goods.In the application and implementation of the system,there exist actual ethical dilemmas such as the gap between basic protection and diverse needs,conflicts between universality and traditional intergenerational care,and inadequate balance in resource allocation.Only by focusing on the sequential and coordinated nature of basic elderly care service responsibilities,achieving the creative transformation and innovative development of traditional filial piety culture,and adopting the necessary ethical approach to the unity of fairness between the form and substance of the distribution of the basic elderly care services,can the construction of the basic elderly care service system demonstrate greater efficiency in the“kindness”prospective direction.