新时期北京市水权交易发展路径探讨

Discussion on development path of Beijing water rights trading in new era

在分析水权交易需求、探讨水权交易发展路径的基础上,综合考虑交易基础、未来交易可行性以及待解决问题三方面因素,构建了北京市水权交易类型优先级评价模型并进行应用。结果表明:具备交易软硬件条件的优先交易包括南水北调中线水权交易、海河流域水权交易、农业用水转为工业用水水权交易、生态补偿型水权交易;远期具有交易可行性和价值的次级交易包括区级用水总量控制指标交易、计划用水指标交易、灌溉用水户水权交易;潜在交易具有交易价值且符合发展规律,但待解决问题较多,主要包括基于合同节水管理模式的水权交易、水权金融等。从夯实水权交易制度基础、加强水权交易制度支撑、防范风险等方面提出了对策建议,可以助力北京市新时期水务工作高质量发展。

This study develops and applies a priority assessment model of water rights trading types of Beijing based on demand analysis,exploration of water rights trading paths,and careful consideration of three factors,such as the basis of trading,the feasibility of future trading,and the issues to be addressed.The resalts show that priority transactions should have the hardware and software conditions for transactions,including the South-to-North Water Diversion Project’s central route water rights transactions,Haihe River Basin water rights transactions,agricultural water to industrial water rights transactions,and ecological compensation-type water rights transactions.Secondary transactions should have the feasibility and value of the transaction in the long run,comprising total water use control index transactions at the district level,planned water use index transactions,and water rights transactions of irrigation water users.Potential transactions have transaction value and are in accordance with development law,but there are numerous issues to be addressed,such as water rights transactions based on the contractual water conservation management model,financial innovation of water rights,etc.In addition to analyzing the constraints to be solved,the study proposes countermeasures and suggestions ranging from consolidating the foundation of the water rights trading system to strengthening the support of the water rights trading system and preventing risks,all of which will contribute to the high-quality development of water affairs in Beijing in the future.