北朝时期龙门石窟莲花纹研究

A Research on Decorative Lotus Patterns in Longmen Grottoes During the Northern Dynasties

莲花纹装饰广泛应用于佛教建筑、雕塑、壁画、法器等。北朝时期洛阳龙门石窟中的莲花纹大体有3种类型,即运用于窟顶、地面、项光、龛柱、台座等位置的莲花瓣纹,以化生童子、化生伎乐、化生菩萨等形象出现的化生莲花纹,以瓶插花卉纹样形式出现的瓶插莲花纹。龙门石窟莲花纹为研究北朝社会历史文化变迁提供了重要实物资料。

Lotus pattern decoration is widely used in Buddhist buildings,sculptures,murals,instruments,etc.Three types of lotus patterns can be found in Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang commonly created during the Northern Dynasties,namely,the pattern of lotus petals found in the top of the cave,on the ground,nimbus,pillars,and seats;the other two lotus patterns of different reincarnation showing the birth of lotus boy,dancing fairies with musical instruments and metaplasia of Bodhisattva,etc.and lotus pattern appearing in the form of flowers inserted in the bottle.The lotus patterns in Longmen Grottoes provide important physical materials for studying the changes in social history and culture of the Northern Dynasties.