颠覆性技术创新何以驱动装备制造企业智能化转型?

How Can Disruptive Technology Innovation Drive the Intelligent Transformation of Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises?

颠覆性技术创新已成为中国装备制造企业摆脱对外依赖,实现智能化转型的重要路径,但通过颠覆性技术创新实现智能化转型的内在机理却不甚清晰。通过对现有研究的挖掘和对实际案例的分析,从技术颠覆、技术应用和组织保障层面出发,凝练出二元组织结构等6个影响基于颠覆性技术创新的企业智能化转型关键因素,构建了相应的理论模型;综合运用NCA和fsQCA方法,以20家装备制造企业为样本,探究颠覆性技术创新驱动装备制造企业智能化转型的必要条件和组态路径,结果显示:①二元组织结构是装备制造企业通过颠覆性技术创新实现智能化转型的必要条件;②存在技术轨道跃迁型和场景创新应用型两条智能化转型实现路径;③在特定条件下,因素“技术跃迁”与“场景创新”之间,以及因素“行业间技术合作”与因素组合“场景创新缺乏、超前布局战略”之间存在互替性关系。研究结果不仅厘清了颠覆性技术创新驱动装备制造企业智能化转型的内在机理,而且为企业结合自身实际实施智能化转型提供了路径指引。

The disruptive technology innovation has become an important way for Chinese equipment manufacturing enterprises to get rid of external dependence and realize intelligent transformation.However,the mechanism of intelligent transformation through disruptive technology innovation is not clear.Based on the relevant researches and actual cases,six key influencing factors including“dual organizational structure”were condensed from the level of technological disruption,technological application and organizational guarantee.Combining necessary condition analysis(NCA)and fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis(fsQCA),brought the impact of these factors in the process of intelligent transformation based disruptive technology innovation into a common analysis framework in order to explore the necessary condition and the mechanism of the configuration with 20 typical equipment manufacturing companies as research samples.It is found that dual organizational structure is the main driving force for the equipment manufacturing industry to realize intelligent transformation through disruptive technology innovation.Two approaches named“technological trajectory transition”(S1)and“innovative application of scenarios”(S2)to realize the intelligent transformation are obtained.There is a reciprocal relationship between“technology transition”and“scenario-based innovation”,as well as a reciprocal relationship between“cross-border technical cooperation”and the combination of“ahead of the layout”and“lack of scenario-based innovation”under certain conditions.In a word,the results not only clarify the internal mechanism of intelligent transformation of equipment manufacturing enterprises driven by disruptive technology innovation,but also provide path guidance for enterprises to implement intelligent transformation according to their own reality.