论老年人的安宁疗护权及其法律保障原则

On the Right to Palliative Care of the Elderly and Its Legal Protection Principles

在人口老龄化的冲击下,越来越多的终末期老年患者承受着身体、精神的痛苦及尊严的减损,这也在客观上增加了老年人对安宁疗护服务的需求。近年来,安宁疗护权已逐渐获得国际认可。目前我国虽然尚未制定关于安宁疗护的国家层面立法,但是我国的宪法、法律以及政策都能够为安宁疗护权提供充分的法理基础。在我国安宁疗护地方试点先行的基础上,未来我国安宁疗护立法应当遵循多层次服务体系、患者知情选择、谨慎审查、全人照顾、多学科服务模式的法律保障原则。

Under the impact of the aging population,more and more end-stage elderly patients are suffering from physical and mental pain,as well as a loss of dignity,which objectively increases the demand for palliative care services among the elderly.In recent years,the right to palliative care has gradually gained international recognition.At present,although China has not yet formulated national level legislation on palliative care,its constitutional law,laws,and policies can provide sufficient legal basis for the right to palliative care.On the basis of pilot projects in local areas of palliative care in China,future legislation on palliative care in China should follow the legal protection principles of a multi-level service system,patient informed selection,cautious review,holistic care,and a multidisciplinary service model.