公共性视角下超级平台互联互通路径探析

Exploring the Path of Super Platform Interconnection from the Perspective of Publicness

数字平台封禁已成为数字经济发展的最大瓶颈之一,全方位、体系性重构超级平台互联互通的治理机制迫在眉睫。当下的互联互通实践,主要以“解除链接屏蔽”为主,止步于网络节点互通问题的化解,并未解决应用层与数据层的互通。实现平台技术和业务层面的互联互通,实质上是要求做到平台治理制度上的互联互通。制度层面上,传统竞争法规制的救济以事后追责为主,应对乏力;而当前平台治理的事前监管框架单薄,执法主体模糊,这都阻碍了互联互通的深入拓展与实质推进。我国超级平台的互联互通,应坚持公共性的基本价值取向,将超级平台定位为公共基础设施,引入事前监管,增设积极性义务,在审慎适用必需设施理论导向下分步推进,完善事前监管细则,推进平台分级监管,实现应用层的强互操作与原始数据的流通共享,打通互联互通的“最后一公里”。

To solve the new monopolistic behavior of platform blocking implemented by the super platform,the General Office of the State Council has proposed the policy of interconnection.The current interconnection is mainly based on“unblocking links”,which only solves the problem of network node interconnection,but not the problem of application layer and data layer.The next phase of interconnection should be carried out in steps to achieve limited interoperability at the application layer and partial data circulation and sharing,with a view to weaken market barriers,promote industry innovation and enhance consumer welfare.However,currently am-biguous boundaries still exist in the implementation rules of superplatform interconnection,and it is also difficult to impose legal sanctions through post-facto regulation.Under the perspective of comparative law,European and American countries take blocking behaviors infringing on long-term public interests as the entry point,position super platforms as public infrastructure,and take the legal obligation of interconnection as the criterion of affect-ing public interests.The advanced digital governance in the domain is introduced into the platform economy gov-ernance in China to realize the institutional response of superplatform to promote interconnection under the pub-lic perspective.