数字经济如何影响技能工资差距——基于偏向型技术进步的视角

How does the Development of the Digital Economy Affect the Skill Premium Gap—A Perspective of Biased Technological Progress

文章基于偏向型技术进步的视角,选取中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据及相关省级面板数据,对数字经济发展和技能工资差距之间的因果关系及其中的作用机制进行了实证检验。结果表明:数字经济发展显著扩大了技能工资差距;数字经济发展主要通过促进资本偏向型技术进步、技能偏向型技术进步和提升资本-技能互补性扩大技能工资差距;在数字基础设施较为完善的地区和技能劳动密集型行业中,数字经济发展对扩大技能工资差距的作用更明显。

This paper takes biased technological progress as the starting point and proposes a theoretical hypothesis that the digital economy affects the skill premium gap through various types of biased technological progress.It uses data from the Chi-na Family Panel Studies(CFPS)and related provincial panel data to empirically test the causal relationship and mechanism be-tween the development of the digital economy and the skill premium gap.The results show that the development of the digital economy does indeed significantly expand the skill premium gap,and this conclusion remains valid after a series of robustness tests such as the use of instrumental variables and triple differences.The mechanism analysis indicates that the development of the digital economy primarily expands the skill wage premium by promoting capital-biased technological progress,skill-biased technological progress,and capital-skill complementarity.The heterogeneity analysis shows that in regions with more devel-oped digital infrastructure and skill-intensive industries,the digital economy is more likely to widen the skill premium gap.