红枣多糖的结构、生物学活性及产品开发进展

Research Progress on Structure,Biological Activity and Product Development of Ziziphus jujuba Polysaccharide

红枣是我国常用的药食同源植物。红枣多糖是红枣的主要活性成分之一,经药理学研究证实具有多种活性。目前红枣多糖的结构研究多集中一级结构的修饰方式、单糖组成成分、分子量及糖苷键连接方式。生物学活性研究表明,红枣多糖具有抗氧化、保肝护肝、降糖、降脂、调节菌群丰度、免疫调节、抗癌、抗凝等生物活性,可应用于抗氧化膜,抗衰老、降糖、代糖、降脂产品,抑菌剂,免疫调节剂,抗癌营养食品等产品中。本文基于此进行总结和展望,以期对未来进一步深入探究红枣多糖的结构,规范红枣多糖的制备提取流程,明确红枣多糖生物活性作用机制机理,增加红枣多糖产品多样性提供理论基础。

Ziziphus jujuba is a commonly used medicinal and edible plant in China.Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharide is one of the main active component of Ziziphus jujuba,and has been confirmed by pharmacological studies with a variety of biological activities.The research on the structure of Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharide is mostly focused on modification method,monosaccharide constitutes,molecular weight and glycosidic bond type.Extensive studies have shown that Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharide exert multiple biological activities,such as antioxidant,hepatoprotective,hypoglycemic,lipid-lowering,bacterial abundance regulation,immune regulation,anti-cancer and anticoagulant.Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharide can be used in anti-oxidation film,anti-aging,hypoglycemic,sugar replacement,lipid-lowering products,bacteriostatic agent,immunomodulators,anti-cancer nutrition food and other products.Based on these findings,this article summarizes and prospects,in order to provide a theoretical basis for further explore the structure of Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharides,standardize the preparation and extraction process of Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharides,clarify the biological activity mechanism of Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharides,and increase the diversity of Ziziphus jujuba polysaccharide products.