我国高校本科生科研的现状与成效研究——基于“国家大学生学情调查研究数据库(NCSS)”的数据分析

Research on the Current Situation and Effectiveness of Undergraduate Scientific Research in China:Based on the Data of NCSS

党的二十大报告要求高等教育深入推进科教融汇战略,培养创新人才。本科生科研是科教融汇育人的重要途径。基于“国家大学生学情调查研究数据库(NCSS)”的数据,从整体科研参与、参与教师课题、主持科研课题和参与同学课题四个方面分析我国高校本科生科研的基本情况与育人成效。研究发现:本科生科研参与整体情况较好,近2/5的本科生参与过不同形式的本科生科研;一流大学建设高校、理学类学科、大四学生科研参与情况最好,并且这些类别本科生也最多参与教师课题;本科生科研显著提高了高校的育人成效,并且对专业知识与技能提高最大;在不同类型的科研活动中,参与教师课题的育人效果最好。基于此,建议在实践层面扩大本科生科研参与范围和途径、在理论层面拓展本科生科研的过程和机制研究,以优化高等教育科教融合育人路径和效能。

Based on the data of NCSS,this paper analyzes the basic situation and effect of undergraduate scientific research in Chinese universities from four aspects.The results show that the overall situation of undergraduate scientific research participation is good,nearly 2/5 undergraduates have participated in different forms of undergraduate scientific research;First-class universities,science disciplines and senior students'participation in scientific research are the best,and undergraduates in these categories also participate most in teachers'projects.Undergraduate scientific research has significantly improved the education effectiveness of colleges and universities,and has the greatest impact on professional knowledge and skills.Among the different types of scientific research activities,those who participate in teachers'projects have the best effect on educating students.