类液体聚合物表面的研究进展

Research Progress of Liquid-like Polymer Surfaces

类液体表面对各种液体具有动态排斥性,液体能轻易在表面滑落,同时表现出极低的接触角滞后。近年来,制备成本低、环保、高效、性能稳定、可大规模应用的类液体聚合物表面成为研究热点。类液体聚合物表面独特的拒液性能与分布在表面的聚合物分子结构紧密相关。介绍了类液体聚合物表面的拒液作用机制和制备基本准则以及具有类液体性质的聚合物材料和类液体聚合物表面的制备方法;总结了类液体聚合物功能材料最新的代表性应用研究成果,包括防冰、耐沾污、减阻、无损液滴定向传输等;讨论了类液体聚合物功能材料仍然面临的挑战,并展望了其未来应用前景。

The liquid-like surfaces exhibit dynamic repulsion to various liquids,liquids can easily slide off the surface and showed very low contact angle hysteresis.In recent years,it has become a research hotspot to fabricate liquid-like surfaces with low-cost,environmentally-friendly,high performance and durable for massive industrial applications.The unique liquid repellent performance of liquid-like polymer surfaces is closely related with the molecular structure of the polymer distributed on the surface.In this paper,the liquid repellent mechanism of liquid-like polymer surfaces was summarized,which could guide the fundamental principles of surface design.The polymers with liquid-like characters and the preparation methods of liquid-like polymer surfaces were introduced.Furthermore,the representative applications with recent researches in anti-icing,anti-fouling,drag reduction,lossless directional droplet transport,were reviewed.Finally,the remaining challenges and the future prospects of industrial applications were discussed.