基于能源交易机制的多微电网系统优化调度方法

Optimal scheduling method for multi-microgrid system based on energy trading mechanism

随着新能源渗透率不断增加,微电网作为新能源与配电网之间的桥梁越来越受到关注,是未来智能电网发展的重要部分,但微电网间内部复杂的资本关系及自趋利性将会阻碍其进一步发展。首先,为规范各微电网交易行为,保障各方资本利益,提出基于信誉积分的能源交易机制,通过信誉积分衡量各微电网诚信度,约束微电网交易行为;通过绿色交易积分促使各微电网主动降低碳排放,实现环境友好;通过信誉积分排名调动各微电网参与交易的积极性和自我约束的主动性。其次,构建基于主从博弈的“含共享储能的联盟-微电网”双层优化调度模型,上层以联盟经济性最优为目标,通过小龙虾算法求解,下层以各微电网收益最大为目标,通过CPLEX求解。最后,仿真结果表明,考虑能源交易机制后,可以有效保障和提高各方利益,优化共享储能充放电功率,充放电次数分别由24次和27次下降到14次和19次,降低了各微电网碳交易成本。

With the increasing penetration rate of new energy,microgrid as a bridge between new energy and distribution grid is getting more and more attention,and it is an important part of the future development of smart grid,but the complex capital relationship and self-interestedness among microgrids will hinder its further development.Firstly,in order to regulate the trading behaviours of microgrids and safeguard the revenue of all parties,the paper proposes an energy trading mechanism based on the reputation-point system,which measures the integrity degree of microgrids and restrains the trading behaviours of microgrids,prompts microgrids to take the initiative to reduce the carbon emission through the green-trading-point,and mobilizes microgrids to participate in the trading and take the initiative to exercise self-restraint through the reputation-point ranking.Secondly,a bi-level optimal scheduling model of"alliance-microgrid with shared energy storage"based on Stackelberg game is constructed,in which the upper model is solved by crayfish algorithm with the objective of alliance economic optimisation,and the lower model is solved by CPLEX with the objective of optimal revenue of each microgrid.Finally,the simulation results show that after considering the energy trading mechanism,the revenueof all parties can be effectively safeguarded and improved,the charging and discharging power of the shared energy storage can be optimised,the number of charging and discharging times can be reduced from 24 and 27 to 14 and 19,respectively,and reduce the carbon trading cost of each microgrid.