“什么叫X”的语用否定用法

The Pragmatic Negative Usage of“Shenme jiao X”

语用否定式“什么叫X”用于否定话语表达方式的适宜性,言谈交际中具体表现为对不足量表达方式、消极表态表达方式、道义要求表达方式、疑问表达方式、指称表达方式或预设相关表达方式的称引反驳。基于客观事实的修正、示证,基于主观经验或立场的求证、表态,常常表征为语用否定式“什么叫X”所在话轮的话轮构建单位,与语用否定式“什么叫X”所否定的不同类型的话语表达方式呈现出规律性对应,体现出交际诉求在话轮构建中的驱动作用。

The pragmatic negation expression“shenme jiao X”is used in negating the felicity of discourse expression,which embodied in quoting and refuting the insufficient expression,the negative attitude expression,moral requirement expression,question expression,reference expression or presupposition related expression in conversational discourse.The repair and evidence based on objective fact,and the judgment,confirmation,and statement based on subjective experience or stance are often embodied in the turn construction unit of the turn where the pragmatic negation expression“shenme jiao X”is located,showing a regular correspondence with the different types of discourse expressions denied by the pragmatic negation expression“shenme jiao X”,reflecting the driven role of the speaker’s communicative demands in turn construction.