基于形态性状和SSR标记的克氏原螯虾养殖群体遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of farming Procambarus clarkii population based on morphology traits and SSR markers

为客观评估广西南宁周边地区克氏原螯虾养殖群体的遗传多样性,采集来自南宁的3个克氏原螯虾群体——埃及群体(AJ)、良庆群体(LQ)和上林群体(SL),以及湖北荆州(JZ)和江西湖口(HK)的群体各1个,采用形态学结合微卫星分子标记的方法分析其遗传多样性水平。形态分析结果显示,雌性群体的综合判别准确率为68.59%,雄性群体的综合判别准确率为73.60%;3个南宁群体(AJ,LQ,SL)与JZ群体聚为一类,3个南宁群体间具有较高的形态相似度。微卫星分析结果显示,AJ群体和LQ群体的遗传多样性最高,SL群体和HK群体次之;LQ群体与SL群体的遗传分化系数和遗传距离最小。结果表明广西南宁克氏原螯虾群体具有较高的遗传多样性,从国外引种或国内不同地理来源群体的杂交可能是提高克氏原螯虾群体遗传多样性的重要途径。

To objectively assess the genetic diversity of Procambarus clarkii cultured populations in the vicinity of Nanning,Guangxi,three populations of P.clarkii from Nanning(AJ,LQ and SL),and one population each from Jingzhou,Hubei(JZ)and Hukou,Jiangxi(HK)were collected.The level of genetic diversity was investigated using morphology and microsatellite markers.Morphological analysis showed that the total discrimination accuracy of female and male populations was 68.59%and 73.60%,respectively.Morphological clustering grouped the three Nanning populations into the same branch as the JZ population,indicating that the three Nanning populations had high morphological similarity.Microsatellite analysis revealed that the AJ population and LQ population had the highest genetic diversity,followed by the SL population and HK population.The genetic differentiation coefficient and genetic distance between the LQ population and SL population were the smallest.The results indicated that the populations of P.clarkii in Nanning,Guangxi had high genetic diversity,and that the introduction of P.clarkii from abroad or hybridization between different geographical populations may be an important way to enhance the genetic diversity of P.clarkii.