中日在国联围绕伪满洲国交涉始末

China and Japan Negotiated around the Puppet Manchukuo in the League of Nations

“九一八”事变后,南京国民政府将日军武装入侵东北问题,依据国联盟约申述到国联。从1932年9月22日,国联行政院第一次讨论中日纠纷会议开始,中、日在国联围绕日军撤兵问题展开交涉。到12月10日,在中日交涉未果的情况下,成立国联调查团来中国调查,其间,日本为转移视线,在上海制造“一·二八”事变,从此中日又围绕“一·二八”事变展开交涉。在中日上海停战协定签订前,日军已在东北扶植伪满洲国,从此中日又围绕伪满洲国问题开展交涉。《国际联盟调查团报告书》虽认定伪满洲国为非法政府,但伪满洲国已既成事实,且日本为实现大陆政策退出国联,使国民政府依赖国联调解政策失败,国联调解失败是列强推行绥靖政策结果,不仅给中国人民带来了灾难,而且最终引发了第二次世界大战。

After the September 18th Incident,the Nanjing National Government has filed an appeal to the League of Nations regarding the issue of Japanese armed invasion of Northeast China,in accordance with the Covenant of the League of Nations.Starting from September 22,1932,when the Executive Yuan of the League of Nations first discussed the Sino Japanese dispute,China and Japan began negotiations in the League of Nations regarding the withdrawal of Japanese troops.On December 10th,despite unsuccessful negotiations between China and Japan,the Lytton Commission was established to investigate in China.During this period,Japan caused the January 28th Incident in Shanghai to divert attention,and since then,China and Japan have engaged in negotiations around the incident.Before the signing of the Sino Japanese Shanghai Armistice Agreement,the Japanese army had already supported the puppet state of Manchukuo in Northeast China,and since then,China and Japan have been negotiating around the issue of the puppet state of Manchukuo.Although the Report of the Commission of Enquiry identified the puppet state of Manchukuo as an illegal government,it has become a fait accompli,and Japan's withdrawal from the League of Nations in order to implement its mainland policy has led to the failure of the Government of the Republic of China's reliance on the mediation policy of the League of Nations.The failure of the League of Nations mediation is the result of the appeasement policy implemented by foreign powers,which not only brought disaster to the Chinese people,but also ultimately triggered the World War II.