《备急千金要方》“汤-煎-饮”剂对比

Comparison of the “Tang-Jian-Yin” Dosage Forms in the Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang

目的 探讨《备急千金要方》(以下简称《要方》)汤剂、煎剂、饮剂的制剂特点,比较三者之间及与现代剂型之间的差异,为相关剂型研究提供参考。方法 收集《要方》中所有以“汤”“煎”“饮”命名的方剂,提取其制剂溶媒、药物处理方式、加热特点、加热次数、溶媒量、煎取量、煎取比例、使用方式等内容进行统计分析。结果 《要方》汤剂、煎剂、饮剂在溶媒特点、煎取比例及使用方式等方面存在差异,其中煎剂差异较大,汤剂与饮剂相似,但使用方式不同。与现代剂型比较,汤剂类似现代煮剂与煮散;饮剂在使用方式上与现代饮剂相似,但制备过程、使用方式不同;煎剂更接近现代膏剂。结论 虽现代汤剂、煎剂、饮剂为同一剂型,但在《要方》中还是有所区别,研究中应予以区分、参照。

Objective To explore the characteristics of the Tang,Jian and Yin of the Bei Ji Qian Jin Yao Fang(hereinafter referred to as Yao Fang);To compare and analyze the differences between the three and modern dosage forms;To provide reference for research on related dosage forms.Methods All formulas named with “Tang”,“Jian”,and “Yin” in Yao Fang were collected.Their formulation solvents,drug processing methods,heating characteristics,heating times,solvent amount,decoction amount,decoction ratio,and usage methods were extracted.Then,statistical analysis was performed.Results There were differences in the solvent characteristics,decoction ratio,and usage methods of the Tang,Jian,and Yin of Yao Fang,among which there were significant differences in Jian.The Yin was similar to the Tang dosage form,but the usage methods were different.Compared with modern dosage forms,Tang was similar to modern decoction and powder-decoction;Yin was similar in usage to modern Yin,but their preparation process and usage were different;Jian is closer to modern ointments.Conclusion Although modern Tang,Jian,and Yin are of the same dosage form,there are still differences in the Yao Fang,which should be distinguished and referenced in research.