《不居集》外损思想探析

Analysis on External Damage Thought in Bu Ju Ji

“外损”一词为吴澄所创,见于《不居集》。其“外损”理论是在当时医家不辨内外、以外感作虚劳、一味滋补的背景下所提出,其根源是医家对“外感”与“内伤”鉴别不明。吴澄提出外感六淫皆可成虚损,其成因包括误治、失治及失摄。对于外损的辨治,需明辨病因、正气盛衰,治疗以祛邪为先,重视正气,以补为托。

The word “external damage” is created by Wu Cheng and found in Bu Ju Ji.This theory of “external damage” was proposed in the context of medical practitioners not distinguishing between internal and external factors,using external sensations as weak labor,and blindly nourishing.Its root is that medical practitioners were unclear in distinguishing between “external sensations” and “internal damage”.Wu Cheng proposed that the six excesses can be caused by deficiency,and the causes include mistreatment,loss of treatment and loss of control.For the differentiation and treatment of external damage,it is necessary to clearly distinguish the cause of external damage and the rise and fall of healthy qi.In the treatment,eliminating pathogenic factors is the first,paying attention to healthy qi and tonifying.