海洋倾废行为的立法规制研究

Research on the Legislative Regulation of Ocean Dumping Behavior

近十几年来,随着中国工业、农业的蓬勃发展,人口数量的增加,海洋运输和海洋开发技术的进步,大批港口和城市的兴起和扩建,出现了未取得许可证或者不按照许可证的规定向海洋倾倒废弃物的现象。大规模地向海洋排放有毒、有害废弃物,会严重污染海洋资源,其中的关键因素之一是对海洋环境污染责任人违法行为的低成本惩罚。海洋倾废行为给海洋生态环境带来极大的隐患,使人类的生活面临严峻的挑战。面对日趋加重的污染情况,整个国际社会认识到通过立法保护海洋环境的关键性和紧迫性。

In recent decades,China’s rapid industrial and agricultural development,population growth,advancements in marine transportation and technology,and the expansion of numerous ports and cities have led to frequent occurrences of waste dumping into the sea without proper permits or in violation of permit conditions.The large-scale discharge of toxic and harmful substances into the ocean has severely polluted marine resources,primarily due to the low penalties for those responsible for marine environmental pollution.Ocean dumping behavior poses significant threats to the marine ecosystem and challenges to human living conditions.Confronted with escalating pollution,both China and the international community recognize the critical and urgent need for legislative measures to protect the marine environment.