咬合平面治疗控制在正畸牙合重建中的作用

Occlusal Plane Control and Orthodontic Occlusal Reconstruction

牙合平面随牙列建牙合完成而形成,其与磨牙位置、颌骨发育、面部美观及错牙合类型等密切相关,且在正畸矫治、颜面美学评估、正颌外科手术中起关键作用,是临床治疗的基础。口腔正畸治疗被认为是广义咬合重建治疗,其目的是将牙齿移动到功能及美学合适的位置,然而无论是局部还是全口牙列咬合的调整,都将改变原有的咬合关系,其中牙合平面的变化是考量要素之一。回顾正畸治疗带来的颜面美学变化,牙合平面生长引导及治疗控制可能是引起软组织侧貌变化的一个重要机制。牙合平面的变化还可能涉及牙弓间隙调整与重新分配,下颌功能运动协调,以及矫治重建和稳定等多个环节。基于此,本文对咬合平面与正畸治疗广义牙合重建的关系作一综述。

Occlusal plane forms as the dentition construction completed,which is closely related to the position of molars,jaw bone development,facial aesthetics and malocclusion type.It also plays a key role in orthodontic treatment,facial aesthetic evaluation,and orthognathic surgery,and is the basis of clinical treatment.Orthodontic treatment is considered as the generalized occlusal reconstruction treatment that aims to move teeth to a functionally and aesthetically appropriate position,however,the adjustment of partial or full dentition will change the original occlusal relationship,and the change of occlusal plane is one of the factors to be considered.The improvement of facial aesthetics by orthodontic treatment suggested that the growth guidance and control of the occlusal plane may be an important mechanism for the changes of soft tissue profile.Morever,changes in the occlusal plane may also involve the adjustment and redistribution of dental arch space,the coordination of mandibular functional movement,and orthodontic reconstruction and stabilization.So,it is meaningful to review the relationship between occlusal plane and occlusal reconstruction of orthodontic treatment.