中医医院传染病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological analysis of infectious diseases in traditional Chinese medicine hospital

目的分析中医医院传染病报告率变化趋势和流行病学特征。方法对某三甲中医医院2019—2022年报告传染病进行描述性分析,比较不同年份间报告情况的差异。结果2019—2022年医院共报告传染病5742例,报告率从125.83/10万降至87.14/10万。报告数最多的病种是梅毒。报告率居前10位的传染病除肺结核外均呈下降趋势。2019—2022年传染病报告在传播方式(χ^(2)=32.385,P<0.001)、诊断类型(χ^(2)=10.816,P=0.013)、病例来源(χ^(2)=15.593,P=0.001)、年龄(χ^(2)=53.631,P<0.001)、职业(χ^(2)=156.581,P<0.001)方面比较,差异有统计学意义。结论中医医院应该依据传染病分布特点对住院、门诊病例分别制定防控措施,重点关注梅毒、肺结核。

Objective To analyze the changes in reporting rate and epidemiological characteristics of infectious diseases in traditional Chinese medicine hospital.Methods Using descriptive epidemiological methods,the prevalence characteristics of infectious diseases in a third grade level A traditional Chinese medicine hospital from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed and the differences in reported cases between different years were compared.Results Between 2019 and 2022,the total number of infectious diseases cases was 5742,and the reporting rate dropped from 125.83 cases per 100000 population to 87.14 cases per 100000 population.The disease with the highest number of reported cases was syphilis.The reporting rate of top ten infectious diseases showed a downward trend,except for pulmonary tuberculosis.From 2019 to 2022,there were statistical differences in the number of reported infectious diseases among different transmission modes(χ^(2)=32.385,P<0.001),diagnosis types(χ^(2)=10.816,P=0.013),case sources(χ^(2)=15.593,P=0.001),age groups(χ^(2)=53.631,P<0.001)and occupational groups(χ^(2)=156.581,P<0.001).Conclusions Traditional Chinese medicine hospital should develop prevention and control measures for inpatient and outpatient cases based on the distribution characteristics of infectious diseases,with a focus on syphilis and pulmonary tuberculosis.