燃气热电联产机组及热网系统的碳排放分摊研究

Study on carbon emission allocation of gas-fired cogeneration unit and heat supply system

燃气热电联产机组具有碳排放低的优势。文章针对某燃气热电联产项目及热网系统开展碳排放核算和分摊研究。通过天然气气质分析数据计算了燃料碳排放因子;使用3种分摊方法计算分析了2023年度的逐月供电和售热的碳排放强度,讨论了3种分摊计算方法的差异。文章推荐使用基于厂界供热能量的分摊方法;然后,分析了热电效率、热电比和管损率等因素对两种产品碳排放强度的影响规律;最后,基于核算分析结果,提出了提升燃机运行效率、开拓热用户提高热电比、降低热网管损率等减碳措施。文章为燃气热电项目和供热管网的碳排放核算及分摊提供了方法借鉴和参考案例。

Gas-fired cogeneration unit has the advantage of low carbon emissions.This paper studies the carbon emission accounting and allocation of a gas-fired cogeneration project and its heat supply network.The carbon emission factor of fuel is calculated based on the analysis data of natural gas composition.Three allocation methods are used to calculate and analyze the monthly carbon emission intensities of power and heat in 2023,and the differences among the three allocation methods are discussed.This paper recommends the allocation method based on the heat energy at the plant boundary.Then,the influences of factors such as thermal efficiency,heat to electricity ratio,and pipeline loss rate on the carbon emission intensities of the two products are analyzed.Finally,based on the accounting and analysis results,carbon reduction measures such as improving the operating efficiency,expanding heat users to increase the heat to electricity ratio,and reducing the pipeline loss rates of the heat supply network are proposed.This paper provides a reference case for the carbon emission accounting and allocation of gas-fired cogeneration projects and heat supply networks.