城轨车辆车内噪声水平多工况影响因素分析

城轨车辆的主要噪声源是轮轨噪声,轮轨噪声是关于车辆-轨道耦合作用以及轮轨关系的系统性问题,隧道运行工况下噪声形成混响场通过透射传入车内,同时城轨车辆密封性能较差,导致隧道内噪声大于明线工况8~10 dB,严重影响乘客舒适性。基于国内城轨车辆线路实测结果,定量分析轮轨粗糙度、轨道类型、轨道衰减度、明线和隧道等多工况多因素对车内噪声水平的影响。在分析基础上,提出城轨车辆车内噪声控制的建议,便于后续车辆及线路设计,最大程度提高乘坐舒适性。

The main noise source of urban rail vehicles is wheel-rail noise,which is a systematic problem related to vehicle-track coupling and wheel-rail relationship.Under tunnel operating conditions,the noise forms a reverberation field and transmits into the vehicle through transmission.At the same time,the sealing performance of urban rail vehicles is poor,resulting in the noise in the tunnel being 8~10 dB higher than that under open line operating conditions,seriously affecting passenger comfort.Based on the measured results of urban rail vehicle lines in China,the influence of wheel-rail roughness,track type,track attenuation,open line and tunnel on the noise level in the vehicle is quantitatively analyzed.On the basis of the analysis,some suggestions on the noise control of urban rail vehicles are put forward,which is convenient for the subsequent vehicle and route design and improves the ride comfort to the greatest extent.