新疆亚洲玉米螟暴发成灾驱动机制分析及其治理对策

3 Analysis on driving mechanism of the outbreak of Asian corn borer and its management strategies in Xinjiang

亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)为新疆玉米生产中的主要害虫,2010年以来呈整体暴发态势,并造成了极为严重的产量损失,已成为制约当前新疆玉米高产稳产和粮食产能提升最重要的害虫,然而有关其暴发成灾的驱动机制尚不清楚。为此,本文通过分别概述近年来新疆气候、作物种植结构、栽培耕作措施以及亚洲玉米螟田间发生世代的变化情况,综合分析了上述变化对亚洲玉米螟越冬幼虫存活、个体生长发育、取食偏好和种群增殖扩张等方面造成的具体影响。在此基础上,结合已有大量研究成果,系统解析了新疆绿洲生态区亚洲玉米螟种群暴发成灾的驱动机制。此外,本文还介绍了新疆植保科技工作者在亚洲玉米螟综合治理技术研究与应用方面取得的相关成果,简述了田间治理采取的措施和取得的防治成效,最终为亚洲玉米螟的持续有效治理提供一定参考。

The Asian corn borer,Ostrinia furnacalis(Guenée)has emerged as a major pest in corn production in Xinjiang,leading to a pronounced outbreak trend and severe yield losses since 2010.It has become the most important pest restricting high and stable corn yields and grain productivity in Xinjiang.However,the mechanism driving the outbreak of O.furnacalis is still unclear.This review provided a comprehensive summary of climate variations,changes in crop planting structure,cultivation practices and occurrence generation of O.furnacalis in corn field of Xinjiang in recent years,and comprehensively analyzed the specific effects of these changes on the survival of overwintering larvae,individual growth and development,feeding preferences,population growth and expansion.Based on extensive research findings,this review systematically analyzed the driving mechanism underlying the outbreak and disaster of O.furnacalis populations in the oasis ecological areas of Xinjiang.In addition,this paper also introduced the achievements in the research and application of integrated management technologies for O.furnacalis made by plant protection scientists in Xinjiang,briefly described the countermeasures taken and the control achievement,offering valuable insights for the sustainable and effective management of O.furnacalis.