不同药剂进行土壤消毒对辣椒生长和根际土壤微生物的影响

Effects of soil disinfection with different chemicals on growth and rhizosphere microbes of Capsicum annuum

土传病害和连作障碍是保护地蔬菜生产上的突出问题。本研究选用棉隆、二甲基二硫、多菌灵3种药剂进行土壤消毒,通过测定土壤酶活性、微生物数量及辣椒农艺性状和产量等指标的变化,明确不同药剂处理对辣椒生长和根际土壤微生物的影响。结果表明:3种药剂处理后土壤脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性和过氧化氢酶活性均呈现出先抑制后激活的变化趋势;消毒后土壤中真菌和细菌的数量均受到抑制,随着恢复培养时间的增加,抑制效果逐渐减弱;3种药剂进行土壤消毒均可以增加辣椒的产量,其中二甲基二硫处理对辣椒增产效果最为明显,增产幅度达55.19%。

Soil-borne diseases and continuous cropping obstacles pose prominent challenges in vegetable production in protected greenhouse.In this study,three agents,dazomet,dimethyl disulfide,and carbendazim,were selected for soil disinfection.The effects of these different chemical treatments on the growth and rhizosphere microbes of capsicum were determined by measuring soil enzyme activity,microbial quantity,agronomic traits,and pepper yield.The results showed that the activity of urease,sucrase,and catalase in soil were initially inhibited and then activated after treatment with the three chemicals.Following soil disinfection,fungal and bacterial numbers in the soil were inhibited,with the inhibitory effect gradually weakening over time.All three soil disinfection methods led to an increase in pepper yield,among which dimethyl disulfide treatment demonstrating the most obvious effect,resulting in a yield increase of 55.19%.