不同类型机动车排放污染物对大气污染的影响研究

Study on the Influence of Pollutants Emitted by Different Types of Motor Vehicles on Air Pollution

近年来大气污染较以往更为严重,机动车尾气排放是造成大气污染的主要原因之一。以广州市为例,探讨了广州市机动车种类与大气污染的关系。首先选取了典型主干道和次干道的交通信息,确定了CO、HC、NO_(x)、PM_(10)等排放因子。采用EDMS模型计算大气污染物排放清单,并与交通信息进行比较。结果表明,小型汽车占总交通量的85%;小型汽车排放CO、HC、NO_(x)和PM_(10)分别占所有车辆排放的68%、74%、77%和77%。空气污染与小汽车的数量有很大的相关性。机动车造成的污染物主要为小型车排放,为了减少空气污染,有关部门可以采取有效措施,包括道路收费和限制机动车数量等。

In recent years,air pollution is more serious than before,and motor vehicle exhaust emission is one of the main causes of air pollution.Taking Guangzhou as an example,this paper discusses the relationship between the types of motor vehicles and air pollution in Guangzhou.Firstly,the traffic information of typical trunk roads and sub-trunk roads were selected,and emission factors such as CO,HC,NO_(x) and PM_(10) were determined.The EDMS model is used to calculate the air pollutant emission inventory and compare it with the traffic information.The results show that small cars account for 85% of the total traffic volume.Small cars account for 68%,74%,77% and 77% of all vehicle emissions,respectively,from CO,HC,NO_(x) and PM_(10).There is a strong correlation between air pollution and the number of cars.In order to reduce air pollution,the relevant departments can take effective measures,including road charging and limiting the number of motor vehicles.