垂直潜流人工湿地在处理西北农村生活污水中的应用

Application of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands in the treatment of rural domestic wastewater in Northwest China

采用垂直潜流人工湿地处理西北祁连山内陆地区农村生活污水,将两级湿地串联,通过植物搭配、分块运行、出水回流,外加保温暖棚等手段,解决了西北祁连山内陆地区农村生活污水氮素含量高、水量随季节变化大、冬季处理效果不佳的问题。监测周期内,湿地出水水质COD、NH_(3)-N、TN、TP平均浓度分别为35、18.6、24.9、0.76mg/L。目前出水水质满足甘肃省农村生活污水处理设施水污染物排放标准(DB62/4014-2019)一级标准,出水作为生态用水用于绿化养护。湿地建设费用为78万元,运行费用经核算为0.45元/m^(3),有效破解了西部干旱地区农村生活污水处理和生态用水资源短缺的难题,实现了农村生活污水的减量化、资源化,达到了经济社会和生态环境效益的相统一,具有推广使用价值。

The use of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands to treat domestic wastewater in the inland areas of the Qilian Mountains in northwest China involves connecting two levels of wetlands,employing plant combinations,operating in sections,returning water,and using measures such as insulation and warm sheds.This method solves the problems of high nitrogen content,large seasonal variations in water quantity,and poor winter treatment effects of domestic wastewater in the inland areas of the Qilian Mountains in northwest China.During the monitoring period,the average concentrations of COD,NH_(3)-N,TN,and TP in the wetland effluent were 35,18.6,24.9,and 0.76 mg/L,respectively.Currently,the effluent quality meets the first-level standards for pollutant discharge from rural domestic wastewater treatment facilities in Gansu Province(DB62/4014-2019),and the effluent is used for ecological water for greening maintenance.The construction cost of the wetland was 780,000 yuan,and the operating cost was calculated to be 0.45 yuan/m^(3),effectively solving the problems of rural domestic wastewater treatment and shortage of ecological water resources in arid areas in the west,achieving reduction and resource utilization of rural domestic wastewater,and achieving the unity of economic,social,and ecological benefits,with significant promotion value.