内皮脂肪酶和脂蛋白酶在冠状动脉粥样硬化发生及发展中的作用研究进展

Research progress on role of endothelial lipase and lipoproteinases in occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerosis

冠心病是主要由冠状动脉粥样硬化导致的心肌缺血性病变。动脉壁僵硬、脂质代谢异常导致动脉内膜脂质类物质聚集、纤维组织增生和钙质沉积,斑块形成,从而影响血液运输。内皮脂肪酶(EL)是一种磷脂酶,可水解血浆高密度脂蛋白胆固醇,具有促进脂肪分解代谢的作用。脂蛋白酶(LPL)是溶解脂蛋白的关键酶,其特定的酶分子结构可水解甘油三酯,参与人体内脂蛋白代谢。因此,了解EL、LPL在冠状动脉粥样硬化发生及发展中的作用对早期防治冠心病至关重要。现对EL和LPL的结构、生物学特点以及在冠状动脉粥样硬化形成中的作用进行综述。

Coronary heart disease is a myocardial ischemic lesion mainly caused by coronary atherosclerosis.Arterial wall stiffness and abnormal lipid metabolism lead to lipid accumulation,fibrous tissue proliferation,calcium deposition and plaque formation in arterial intima,which affect blood transport.Endothelial lipase(EL)is a phospholipase that can hydrolyze plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and promote lipid catabolism.Lipoprotein lipase(LPL)is the key enzyme to dissolve lipoproteins,and its specific enzymatic molecular structure can hydrolyze triglyceride and participate in lipoprotein metabolism in the human body.Therefore,understanding the role of EL and LPL in the occurrence and development of coronary atherosclerosis is very important for the early prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease.This article reviews the structure,biological characteristics and role of EL and LPL in the formation of coronary atherosclerosis.