合成生物学改造酵母驱动丁二酸绿色生物制造

Synthetic biology of yeasts drives green biomanufacturing of succinic acid

丁二酸是一种重要的C_(4)平台化合物,采用微生物以可再生生物质资源为原料制造丁二酸具有显著的优势,是当前国内外的研究热点。合成丁二酸的微生物主要包括细菌和酵母两大类,与细菌相比,虽然酵母的丁二酸生产得率低于细菌,但酵母对酸性等逆境的抗性更强,可以在低pH条件下合成丁二酸,不用添加中和剂,从而使丁二酸的下游纯化过程更简单、成本更低。本文综述了近年来利用酵母类微生物合成丁二酸的研究进展,重点介绍以酿酒酵母、解脂耶氏酵母和东方伊萨酵母为代表的酵母类生产菌株的合成生物学改造策略,在此基础上展望通过构建酵母细胞工厂绿色生物制造丁二酸的未来发展方向。

Succinic acid is an important C_(4)platform chemical,and its industrial biomanufacturing route has significant advantages,which is a research hotspot.The microorganisms for succinic acid biosynthesis mainly include bacteria and yeasts.Compared with bacteria,although the product yield of yeasts is lower,the yeasts generally have high acid tolerance,therefore,they can synthesize succinic acid under low pH conditions,thus avoiding adding additional neutralization agent to maintain the neutral pH conditions,therefore,the downstream process for yeast-based succinic acid purification is simpler and costs lower.This article reviews the research progress in the use of yeast microorganisms to synthesize succinic acid in recent years,focusing on the synthetic biology transformation strategies of yeast production strains represented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae,Yarrowia lipolytica,and Issatchenkia orientalis.Finally,the future directions for green biomanufacturing of succinic acid by constructing yeast cell factories are proposed.