海南新村潟湖海草床区浮游动物粒径结构特征与环境因子相关性

Characteristics of Zooplankton Size Structure and Its Relationship with Environmental Factors on Seagrass Beds of Xincun Lagoon,Hainan

【目的】研究海草床区浮游动物粒径结构特征及对环境因子响应机制,为海草床生态环境质量评价提供数据支撑。【方法】于2022年4月-2023年2月对海南新村潟湖海草床区、鱼排养殖区、虾塘养殖区、渔港码头区以及湾口外海区的浮游动物展开调查,分析其粒径结构、类群组成和受控因子。【结果与结论】新村潟湖共鉴定浮游动物37科43属69种,物种数以春季最高,夏、冬季次之,秋季最低。秋季以夜光虫(Noctiluca scientillans)占绝对优势,其余季节均以桡足类幼体和无节幼体为主,优势种粒径偏小型化。浮游动物物种数在湾口外、海草床区较高,且均以[600,1250)、[355,600)μm的种类为主。丰度值以秋季鱼排养殖区最高,以原生动物和浮游幼体的丰度居高,其余季节以虾塘养殖区、海草床区、渔港码头区的丰度值较高,且不同季节各区域均以[355,600)、[160,355)μm的小粒径浮游动物丰度值居高。此外,春季盐度、磷酸盐、硅酸盐及悬浮物是偏大粒径[1250,4000)μm浮游动物的影响因子,各呈显著相关性。秋季浮游动物丰度值与水深呈显著正相关性(P<0.05)。冬季水温为偏大粒径浮游动物的限制因子,溶解氧、叶绿素a则与小粒径浮游动物存在显著正相关性(P<0.05)。

【Objective】To provide data for the ecological environmental quality assessment of seagrass beds,we researched zooplankton size structure characteristics and the response mechanisms to environmental factors in seagrass beds.【Method】Surveys of zooplankton size structure,species composition and impacted factor in seagrass beds areas,fish farming areas,shrimp breeding areas,fishing port and wharf areas,bay outside areas of Xincun lagoon were conducted and analysed during April 2022 to February 2023,Hainnan.【Result and Conclusion】A total of 69 species of zooplankton belonging to 43 genera within 37 families,were identified;t he number of species washighest in spring,followed by summer and winter,and lowest in autumn.Dominant species in autumn were Noctiluca scientillans,while Copepoda copepodite and nauplius in other seasons,with a tendency towards smaller sizes.Zooplankton species were higher in outer-bay areas and on seagrass beds areas,with size sranging from 600 to 1250μm and 355 to 600μm.The highest abundance was found in fish farming areas in the autumn,with a large number of protozoa and planktonic larvae.The abundance of small-sized(355 to 600,160 to 355μm)zooplankton in other seasons was found in shrimp breeding areas,seagrass beds,fishing port and wharf areas.Furthermore,salinity,phosphate,silicate,and suspended particles in spring affected large-sized zooplankton,showing significant correlations respectively.Abundance in autumn were significantly positively correlated with depth of seawater(P<0.05).Temperature was the limited factor for large-sized zooplankton,while dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll-a exhibited significant positive correlation with small-sized plankton in winter(P<0.05).