武汉地区砂梨园节肢动物识别图谱及两种主要发生害虫概况

Identification recognitions of arthropods in sand pear orchards in Wuhan and the introduction of two major pests

【目的】为了解武汉地区砂梨园区中节肢动物的发生危害情况。【方法】采用人工鉴定的方式鉴别节肢动物所属类别,并将其取样拍照制成图谱。【结果】共调查到节肢动物种类有11目43科74种,两种主要发生害虫分别是梨瘿蚊和梨小食心虫,梨瘿蚊一年有3次发生高峰,分别在4月上旬、5月上旬和6月上旬,梨小食心虫一年有4次发生高峰,分别在5月下旬、6月下旬、8月中旬、9月中旬。【结论】武汉地区砂梨园区中节肢动物发生种类丰富,梨瘿蚊和梨小食心虫2种主要害虫是当地监测和防控的主要对象,应选用化学药剂或综合应用措施进行防治。

[Objective]This study aimed to understand the occurrence of arthropods in the pear orchards in Wuhan.[Method]The classification of arthropods was identified artificially,and the sample photos were taken to make a map.[Result]A total of 74 arthropod species in 11 orders and 43 families were investigated.The two major pests were Dasineura pyri and Grapholitha molesta.Dasineura pyri had three times of peak occurrence a year,in early April,early May and early June,respectively;while,Grapholitha molesta had four times of peak occurrence a year,in late May,late June,mid-August and mid-September,respectively.[Conclusion]The sand pear orchard area in Wuhan has a rich variety of arthropod occurrence categories,and the two main pests,Dasineura pyri and Grapholitha molesta,are the main objects of local monitoring and control.Chemical pesticides or comprehensive application measures should be selected for prevention and control.